當代翻譯理論覺得,語句是最重要的漢語翻譯企業。大學英語四級考試中的漢語翻譯題目也是以詞語翻譯為主導。下邊是今年12月英語四級翻譯預測及譯文,僅供參考!
今年12月英語四級翻譯預測及譯文
英文四級翻譯預測一:
伴隨著全球人口愈來愈聚集(densely populated),環境污染早已變成比較嚴重的難題。環境污染關鍵來自四個關鍵的人類活動行業:工業生產、能源業、交通業及其農牧業。運營加工廠,為列車、飛機場和公交車出示驅動力都必須電力能源?;旧先窟@種電力能源全是根據點燃然料造成的,這便會導致環境污染。專家已經科學研究能降低環境污染的新發電方式。提高的公共性環境保護意識使例如回收再利用(recycling)等主題活動造成。
英文四級翻譯預測譯文:
As the world is getting more and more denselypopulated,air pollution has become a severeproblem.
Air pollution mainly derives from four majorhuman activity sectors:industry,energy,transportation andagriculture.
Energies are needed to run factories,to power trains,planes and buses.
Nearly all ofthese energies are produced by burning fuels,which would cause air pollution.
Scientists arestudying new ways of generating electricity that can be less damaging to the environment.
Theincreased public environmental awareness has led to the advent of activities such as recycling.
英文四級翻譯預測二:
我國城市化
原文:我國城市化(urbanization)可能充足釋放出來潛在性外需(domestic demand)。一些經濟師強調,在我國基本上全部的發展趨勢中城市都遭遇 著城市化的過程。這促使很多人的生活水平逐步提高,也為大家提 供大量的就業問題。伴隨著愈來愈多的人向城市遷移,住宅及城市基礎設施建設基本建設(infrastructure construction),包含水資源等電力能源的供貨可能 變成城市發展趨勢的聚焦點難題。產品與服務項目的隨意、迅速商品流通是城市化 社會發展的一項本質特征。慢慢擴大的城市必須大量的零售店來考慮顧客的要求。
英文四級翻譯預測譯文:
Urbanization
China’s urbanization will release the full potential of domestic demand. Some economists point out that urbanization is a process that is occurring in nearly every developing city in the country. It will lead to a better quality of life for many people,and provide individuals with more job opportunities. The construction of housing and city infrastructure, in?cluding water and energy supplies, will be a focal point of urban develop?ment as more people migrate to cities. Urbanization means better access to educational and medical resources in the city. But it also predicts less use of personal vehicles and more use of public transportation. The fast, free flow of goods and services is a basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding cities require more retail outlets to serve customers.
英文四級翻譯預測三:
留守老人
原文:一般狀況下,“留守老人(emptynester)”就是指兒女背井離鄉后的中老年?,F如今,伴隨著人口老齡化水平的加重,留守老人愈來愈多,早已變成~個不可忽視的社會現象(social issue)。另外它也造成了另一個難題——家中空巢老人綜合癥(syndrome)的造成,就是指當兒女因為工作中、學習培訓、完婚等緣故而背井離鄉后,空守空巢老人的中老年因而而造成的心理狀態失衡病癥。
英文四級翻譯預測譯文:
The Emptynester
Typically, “empty nester” refers to the middle-aged and elderly people whose children have left home.Nowadays, along with the advance of aging of the society, there are more and more empty nesters, which have become a social issue that cannot be ignored.At the same time, it also leads another problem–empty nest syndrome–a psychological disorder the middle-aged and elderly people suffered, which is caused by the absence of their children who move out of home due to work, study, marriage and so on.
英文四級翻譯做答方法
(一)分句、合語法
許多狀況下,翻譯句子的情況下,必須調節原先的句子成分,分語法合和語法是調節原文語句的二種關鍵的方式 。說白了分語法便是把原文的一個簡單句譯為2個或2個之上的語句。說白了合語法便是把原文2個或2個之上的簡單句或一個復合句翻譯成一個分句。
(二)轉句譯法
中文復句英譯時,能夠依照中文復句原來的句內關聯開展漢語翻譯。但假如按中文次序漢語翻譯,出現例如不符合英語寫作習慣性、句內成份關聯不確立等狀況,則能夠改動全句句戳心型,使譯文更為順暢。這就是轉句譯法。
(三)換序譯法
指在翻譯過程中對語序開展的變換調節。語序就是指句子成分的排序順序。中文是剖析型的語言,語序較為固定不動;而英文則是剖析、綜合性各半的語言,語序不僅有固定不動的一面,又有靈便的一面。英文和中文在基礎語序上如出一轍。同樣的是主語、賓語和賓語的部位,不一樣的是狀語和定語的部位。因此 ,在中譯英時,務必考慮到英語閱讀者的思維模式,適度地將譯文的語序開展變換調節。